Physiological Effects of Music and Sound
Scientific Research/Article.
1
Title
Is silence golden? Effects of auditory stimuli and their absence on adult hippocampal neurogenesis
Title
Is silence golden? Effects of auditory stimuli and their absence on adult hippocampal neurogenesis
2
Author(s)
Imke Kirste, Zeina Nicola, Golo Kronenberg, Tara L. Walker, Robert C. Liu, Gerd Kempermann.
Author(s)
Imke Kirste, Zeina Nicola, Golo Kronenberg, Tara L. Walker, Robert C. Liu, Gerd Kempermann.
4
Key Words
#Plasticity #Stemcells
#Hippocampus
#Mouse #Learning
Key Words
#Plasticity #Stemcells
#Hippocampus
#Mouse #Learning
5
Year
2013
Year
2013
3
Abstract
We have previously hypothesized that the reason why physical activity increases precursor cell proliferation in adult neurogenesis is that movement serves as non-specific signal to evoke the alertness required to meet cognitive demands. Thereby a pool of immature neurons is generated that are potentially recruitable by subsequent cognitive stimuli. Along these lines, we here tested whether auditory stimuli might exert a similar non-specific effect on adult neurogenesis in mice. We used the standard noise level in the animal facility as baseline and compared this condition to white noise, pup calls, and silence. In addition, as patterned auditory stimulus without ethological relevance to mice we used piano music by Mozart (KV 448). All stimuli were transposed to the frequency range of C57BL/6 and hearing was objectified with acoustic evoked potentials. We found that except for white noise all stimuli, including silence, increased precursor cell proliferation (assessed 24 h after labeling with bromodeoxyuridine, BrdU). This could be explained by significant increases in BrdU-labeled Sox2-positive cells (type-1/2a). But after 7 days, only silence remained associated with increased numbers of BrdU-labeled cells. Compared to controls at this stage, exposure to silence had generated significantly increased numbers of BrdU/NeuN-labeled neurons. Our results indicate that the unnatural absence of auditory input as well as spectrotemporally rich albeit ethological irrelevant stimuli activate precursor cells—in the case of silence also leading to greater numbers of newborn immature neurons—whereas ambient and unstructured background auditory stimuli do not.
Abstract
We have previously hypothesized that the reason why physical activity increases precursor cell proliferation in adult neurogenesis is that movement serves as non-specific signal to evoke the alertness required to meet cognitive demands. Thereby a pool of immature neurons is generated that are potentially recruitable by subsequent cognitive stimuli. Along these lines, we here tested whether auditory stimuli might exert a similar non-specific effect on adult neurogenesis in mice. We used the standard noise level in the animal facility as baseline and compared this condition to white noise, pup calls, and silence. In addition, as patterned auditory stimulus without ethological relevance to mice we used piano music by Mozart (KV 448). All stimuli were transposed to the frequency range of C57BL/6 and hearing was objectified with acoustic evoked potentials. We found that except for white noise all stimuli, including silence, increased precursor cell proliferation (assessed 24 h after labeling with bromodeoxyuridine, BrdU). This could be explained by significant increases in BrdU-labeled Sox2-positive cells (type-1/2a). But after 7 days, only silence remained associated with increased numbers of BrdU-labeled cells. Compared to controls at this stage, exposure to silence had generated significantly increased numbers of BrdU/NeuN-labeled neurons. Our results indicate that the unnatural absence of auditory input as well as spectrotemporally rich albeit ethological irrelevant stimuli activate precursor cells—in the case of silence also leading to greater numbers of newborn immature neurons—whereas ambient and unstructured background auditory stimuli do not.
1
Title
Title
Auditory-Induced Emotion: A Neglected Channel for Communication in Human- Computer Interaction
2
Author(s)
Ana Tajadura-Jiménez, Daniel Västfjäll.
Author(s)
Ana Tajadura-Jiménez, Daniel Västfjäll.
4
Key Words
#auditoryinducedemotion #soundquality #selfrepresentationsounds #embodiment #emotionalintelligence
Key Words
#auditoryinducedemotion #soundquality #selfrepresentationsounds #embodiment #emotionalintelligence
5
Year
2008
Year
2008
3
Abstract
Interpreting and responding to affective states of a user is crucial for future intelligent systems. Until recently, the role of sound in affective responses has been frequently ignored. This article provides a brief overview of the research targeting affective reactions to everyday, ecological sounds. This research shows that the subjective interpretation and meaning that listeners attribute to sound, the spatial dimension, or the interactions with other sensory modalities, are as important as the physical properties of sound in evoking an affective response. Situation appraisal and individual differences are also discussed as factors influencing the emotional reactions to auditory stimuli. A study with heartbeat sounds exemplifies some of the introduced ideas and research methodologies, and shows the potential of sound in inducing emotional states.
Abstract
Interpreting and responding to affective states of a user is crucial for future intelligent systems. Until recently, the role of sound in affective responses has been frequently ignored. This article provides a brief overview of the research targeting affective reactions to everyday, ecological sounds. This research shows that the subjective interpretation and meaning that listeners attribute to sound, the spatial dimension, or the interactions with other sensory modalities, are as important as the physical properties of sound in evoking an affective response. Situation appraisal and individual differences are also discussed as factors influencing the emotional reactions to auditory stimuli. A study with heartbeat sounds exemplifies some of the introduced ideas and research methodologies, and shows the potential of sound in inducing emotional states.
1
Title
Title
Music Therapy Reduces Pain in Palliative Care Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
2
Author(s)
Kathy Jo Gutgsell, Seunghee Margevicius, Mariel Harris, Clareen Wiencek
Author(s)
Kathy Jo Gutgsell, Seunghee Margevicius, Mariel Harris, Clareen Wiencek
4
Key Words
#Musictherapy #pain #palliativecare #randomizedcontrolledtrial
Key Words
#Musictherapy #pain #palliativecare #randomizedcontrolledtrial
5
Year
2013
Year
2013
3
Abstract
Context: Treatment of pain in palliative care patients is challenging. Adjunctive methods of pain management are desirable. Music therapy offers a nonpharma- cologic and safe alternative.
Objectives: To determine the efficacy of a single music therapy session to reduce pain in palliative care patients.
Methods: Two hundred inpatients at University Hospitals Case Medical Center were enrolled in the study from 2009 to 2011. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: standard care alone (medical and nursing care that included scheduled analgesics) or standard care with music therapy. A clinical nurse specialist administered pre- and post-tests to assess the level of pain using a numeric rating scale as the primary outcome, and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale and the Functional Pain Scale as secondary outcomes. The intervention incorporated music therapist-guided autogenic relaxation and live music.
Results: A significantly greater decrease in numeric rating scale pain scores was seen in the music therapy group (difference in means [95% CI] 1.4 [ 2.0, 0.8]; P < 0.0001). Mean changes in Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scores did not differ between study groups (mean difference 0.3, [95% CI] 0.8, 0.1; P > 0.05). Mean change in Functional Pain Scale scores was significantly greater in the music therapy group (difference in means 0.5 ([95% CI] 0.8, 0.3; P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: A single music therapy intervention incorporating therapist-guided autogenic relaxation and live music was effective in lowering pain in palliative care patients.
Abstract
Context: Treatment of pain in palliative care patients is challenging. Adjunctive methods of pain management are desirable. Music therapy offers a nonpharma- cologic and safe alternative.
Objectives: To determine the efficacy of a single music therapy session to reduce pain in palliative care patients.
Methods: Two hundred inpatients at University Hospitals Case Medical Center were enrolled in the study from 2009 to 2011. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: standard care alone (medical and nursing care that included scheduled analgesics) or standard care with music therapy. A clinical nurse specialist administered pre- and post-tests to assess the level of pain using a numeric rating scale as the primary outcome, and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale and the Functional Pain Scale as secondary outcomes. The intervention incorporated music therapist-guided autogenic relaxation and live music.
Results: A significantly greater decrease in numeric rating scale pain scores was seen in the music therapy group (difference in means [95% CI] 1.4 [ 2.0, 0.8]; P < 0.0001). Mean changes in Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scores did not differ between study groups (mean difference 0.3, [95% CI] 0.8, 0.1; P > 0.05). Mean change in Functional Pain Scale scores was significantly greater in the music therapy group (difference in means 0.5 ([95% CI] 0.8, 0.3; P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: A single music therapy intervention incorporating therapist-guided autogenic relaxation and live music was effective in lowering pain in palliative care patients.
1
Title
Title
Selective processing of auditory evoked responses with iterative-randomized stimulation and averaging: A strategy for evaluating the time-invariant assumption
2
Author(s)
Joaquin T. Valderrama, Angel de la Torre, Carlos Medina, Jose C. Segura, A. Roger D. Thornton
Author(s)
Joaquin T. Valderrama, Angel de la Torre, Carlos Medina, Jose C. Segura, A. Roger D. Thornton
4
Key Words
#Randomizedstimulationandaveraging #RSA # Jitter Deconvolution Evoked #potentials #Timeinvariant #ABR # MLR #SOA
Key Words
#Randomizedstimulationandaveraging #RSA # Jitter Deconvolution Evoked #potentials #Timeinvariant #ABR # MLR #SOA
5
Year
2016
Year
2016
3
Abstract
The recording of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) at fast rates allows the study of neural adaptation, improves accuracy in estimating hearing threshold and may help diagnosing certain pathologies. Stimulation sequences used to record AEPs at fast rates require to be designed with a certain jitter, i.e., not periodical. Some authors believe that stimuli from wide-jittered sequences may evoke auditory re- sponses of different morphology, and therefore, the time-invariant assumption would not be accom- plished. This paper describes a methodology that can be used to analyze the time-invariant assumption in jittered stimulation sequences. The proposed method [Split-IRSA] is based on an extended version of the iterative randomized stimulation and averaging (IRSA) technique, including selective processing of sweeps according to a predefined criterion. The fundamentals, the mathematical basis and relevant implementation guidelines of this technique are presented in this paper. The results of this study show that Split-IRSA presents an adequate performance and that both fast and slow mechanisms of adaptation influence the evoked-response morphology, thus both mechanisms should be considered when time- invariance is assumed. The significance of these findings is discussed
Abstract
The recording of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) at fast rates allows the study of neural adaptation, improves accuracy in estimating hearing threshold and may help diagnosing certain pathologies. Stimulation sequences used to record AEPs at fast rates require to be designed with a certain jitter, i.e., not periodical. Some authors believe that stimuli from wide-jittered sequences may evoke auditory re- sponses of different morphology, and therefore, the time-invariant assumption would not be accom- plished. This paper describes a methodology that can be used to analyze the time-invariant assumption in jittered stimulation sequences. The proposed method [Split-IRSA] is based on an extended version of the iterative randomized stimulation and averaging (IRSA) technique, including selective processing of sweeps according to a predefined criterion. The fundamentals, the mathematical basis and relevant implementation guidelines of this technique are presented in this paper. The results of this study show that Split-IRSA presents an adequate performance and that both fast and slow mechanisms of adaptation influence the evoked-response morphology, thus both mechanisms should be considered when time- invariance is assumed. The significance of these findings is discussed
1
Title
Title
Study of Objective Evaluation of Effect of Psychological Relaxation Using Classic Music
2
Author(s)
Toshihide Harada, Fumiko Ishizaki, Shoji Ito,
Satomi Aoi,
Marina Miyaguchi, Hiromi Ikeda,
Yumiko Nitta,
Mikako Mibu, Tadayuki Iida,
Chiho Chikamura, Noriko Tamura, Kohsaku Nitta
Author(s)
Toshihide Harada, Fumiko Ishizaki, Shoji Ito,
Satomi Aoi,
Marina Miyaguchi, Hiromi Ikeda,
Yumiko Nitta,
Mikako Mibu, Tadayuki Iida,
Chiho Chikamura, Noriko Tamura, Kohsaku Nitta
4
Key Words
#classicmusic #musictherapy #psychologicalrelaxation
#vessel width and venous oxygenation index of peripheral vein #spectralanalysisofheartratevariability
Key Words
#classicmusic #musictherapy #psychologicalrelaxation
#vessel width and venous oxygenation index of peripheral vein #spectralanalysisofheartratevariability
5
Year
2017
Year
2017
3
Abstract
Objective: Some of classic musics make both relaxation and adequate stress. In brain cortex some classic musics make fruit- ful concentration and attention.
Design: A clinical study.
Materials and methods: The subjects were healthy young 1 man and 19 women. We did them Tomita’s stress questionnaire. They enjoyed classic music CD with headphone. Accelerated plethysmography (APG) was performed using a pulsimeter with the sensor positioned on the tip of the ventral side of the index finger. Peripheral venous circulation was monitored with venous oxygenation index (VOI) and width of peripheral vein.
Results: Tomita's stress questionnaire scores were significantly correlated with low frequency (LF) component powers (maxi- mum entropy method (MEM) and fast fourier transform (FFT)). LF and LF/HF decreased after enjoying classic music. VOI was significantly positive correlated with LF/HF before enjoying classic music.
Conclusions: These results suggest that APG, VOI and width of peripheral vein is useful for objective evaluation of psycho- logical stress and relaxation.
Abstract
Objective: Some of classic musics make both relaxation and adequate stress. In brain cortex some classic musics make fruit- ful concentration and attention.
Design: A clinical study.
Materials and methods: The subjects were healthy young 1 man and 19 women. We did them Tomita’s stress questionnaire. They enjoyed classic music CD with headphone. Accelerated plethysmography (APG) was performed using a pulsimeter with the sensor positioned on the tip of the ventral side of the index finger. Peripheral venous circulation was monitored with venous oxygenation index (VOI) and width of peripheral vein.
Results: Tomita's stress questionnaire scores were significantly correlated with low frequency (LF) component powers (maxi- mum entropy method (MEM) and fast fourier transform (FFT)). LF and LF/HF decreased after enjoying classic music. VOI was significantly positive correlated with LF/HF before enjoying classic music.
Conclusions: These results suggest that APG, VOI and width of peripheral vein is useful for objective evaluation of psycho- logical stress and relaxation.